General Description
The MAX2016 dual logarithmic detector/controller is a
fully integrated system designed for measuring and
comparing power, gain/loss, and voltage standing-wave
ratio (VSWR) of two incoming RF signals. An internal
broadband impedance match on the two differential RF
input ports allows for the simultaneous monitoring of sig-
nals ranging from low frequency to 2.5GHz.
The MAX2016 uses a pair of logarithmic amplifiers to
detect and compare the power levels of two RF input
signals. The device internally subtracts one power level
from the other to provide a DC output voltage that is pro-
portional to the power difference (gain). The MAX2016
can also measure the return loss/VSWR of an RF signal
by monitoring the incident and reflected power levels
associated with any given load. A window detector is
easily implemented by using the on-chip comparators,
OR gate, and 2V reference. This combination of circuitry
provides an automatic indication of when the measured
gain is outside a programmable range. Alarm monitoring
can thus be implemented for detecting high-VSWR
states (such as open or shorted loads).
The MAX2016 operates from a single +2.7V to +5.25V*
power supply and is specified over the extended -40C
to +85C temperature range. The MAX2016 is available
in a space-saving, 5mm x 5mm, 28-pin thin QFN.
Applications
Return Loss/VSWR Measurements
Dual-Channel RF Power Measurements
Dual-Channel Precision AGC/RF Power Control
Log Ratio Function for RF Signals
Remote System Monitoring and Diagnostics
Cellular Base Station, Microwave Link, Radar,
and other Military Applications
RF/IF Power Amplifier (PA) Linearization
Features
Complete Gain and VSWR Detector/Controller
Dual-Channel RF Power Detector/Controller
Low-Frequency to 2.5GHz Frequency Range
Exceptional Accuracy Over Temperature
High 80dB Dynamic Range
2.7V to 5.25V Supply Voltage Range*
Internal 2V Reference
Scaling Stable Over Supply and Temperature
Variations
Controller Mode with Error Output
Available in 5mm x 5mm 28-Pin Thin QFN
Package
*See Power-Supply Connection section.
MAX2016
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/
Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
FA1
1
V
CC
2
RFINA+
3
RFINA-
4
GND
5
COUTH
6
CSETH
7
FB1
21
V
CC
20
RFINB+
19
RFINB-
18
GND
17
COUTL
16
CSETL
15
COR
8
V
CC
9
SETD
10
OUTD
11
V
CC
12
FV2
13
FV1
14
FA
2
28
OUT
A
27
SET
A
26
REF
25
SETB
24
OUTB
23
FB2
22
MAX2016
THIN QFN
Pin Configuration
Ordering Information
19-3404; Rev 0; 9/04
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
EVALUATION KIT
AVAILABLE
PART
TEMP RANGE
PIN-
PACKAGE
PKG
CODE
MAX2016ETI
-40
C to +85C
28 Thi n QFN - E P *,
b ul k
T2855-3
MAX2016ETI-T
-40
C to +85C
28 Thi n QFN - E P *,
T/R
T2855-3
MAX2016ETI+D
-40
C to +85C
28 Thi n QFN - E P *,
l ead fr ee, b ul k
T2855-3
MAX2016ETI+TD -40
C to +85C
28 Thi n QFN - E P *,
l ead fr ee, T/R
T2855-3
*EP = Exposed pad.
+ = Lead free.
D = Dry pack.
Typical Application Circuit appears at end of data sheet.
MAX2016
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/
Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
V
CC
to GND .........................................................-0.3V to +5.25V
Input Power Differential (RFIN_+, RFIN_-)......................+23dBm
Input Power Single Ended (RFIN_+ or RFIN _-) .............+19dBm
All Other Pins to GND.................................-0.3V to (V
CC
+ 0.3V)
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70C)
28-Pin, 5mm x 5mm Thin QFN (derate 35.7mW/C
above +70C)..................................................................2.8W
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
CC
= +2.7V to +3.6V, R
1
= R
2
= R
3
= 0
, T
A
= -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
CC
= +3.3V,
CSETL = CSETH = V
CC
, 50
RF system, T
A
= +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
POWER SUPPLY
V
S
R
6
= 0
2.7
3.3
3.6
Supply Voltage
V
S
R
6
= 37.4
4.75
5
5.25
V
Total Supply Current
I
CC
43
55
mA
Measured in each pin 2 and pin 20
16
Measured in pin 9
2
Supply Current
Measured in pin 12
9
mA
INPUT INTERFACE
Input Impedance
Differential impedance at RFINA and RFINB
50
Resistance at SETD
20
Input Resistance
R
Resistance at SETA and SETB
40
k
DETECTOR OUTPUT
Source Current
Measured at OUTA, OUTB, and OUTD
4
mA
Sink Current
Measured at OUTA, OUTB, and OUTD
0.45
mA
Minimum Output Voltage
Measured at OUTA, OUTB, and OUTD
0.5
V
Maximum Output Voltage
Measured at OUTA, OUTB, and OUTD
1.8
V
Difference Output VOUTD
P
RFINA
= P
RFINB
= -30dBm
1
V
OUTD Accuracy
12
mV
COMPARATORS
Output High Voltage
V
OH
R
LOAD
10k
V
CC
-
10mV
V
Output Low Voltage
V
OL
R
LOAD
10k
10
mV
Input Voltage
Measured at CSETL and CSETH
GND to
V
CC
V
Input Bias Current
CSETL and CSETH
1
nA
REFERENCE
Output Voltage on Pin 25
R
LOAD
2k
2
V
Load Regulation
Source 2mA
-5
mV
MAX2016
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/
Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
RF Input Frequency Range
f
RF
AC-coupled input
2.5
GHz
Return Loss
S
11
0.1GHz to 3GHz
20
dB
Large-Signal Response Time
P
RFIN
= no signal to 0dBm, 0.5dB settling
accuracy
100
ns
RSSI MODE--0.1GHz
RF Input Power Range
(Note 2)
-70 to
+10
dBm
3dB Dynamic Range
T
A
= -20C to +85C (Note 3)
80
dB
Range Center
-32
dBm
T
A
= +25C to +85C
+0.0083
Temperature Sensitivity
P
RFINA
= P
RFINB
=
-32dBm
T
A
= +25C to -20C
-0.0083
dB/C
Slope
(Note 4)
19
mV/dB
Typical Slope Variation
T
A
= -20C to +85C
-4
V/C
Intercept
(Note 5)
-100
dBm
Typical Intercept Variation
T
A
= -20C to +85C
0.03
dBm/C
RSSI MODE--0.9GHz
RF Input Power Range
(Note 2)
-70 to
+10
dBm
3dB Dynamic Range
T
A
= -20C to +85C (Note 3)
80
dB
Range Center
-30
dBm
T
A
= +25C to +85C
+0.0083
Temperature Sensitivity
P
RFINA
= P
RFINB
=
-30dBm
T
A
= +25C to -20C
-0.0083
dB/C
Slope
(Note 4)
18.1
mV/dB
Typical Slope Variation
T
A
= -20C to +85C
-4
V/C
Intercept
(Note 5)
-97
dBm
Typical Intercept Variation
T
A
= -20C to +85C
0.02
dBm/C
RSSI MODE--1.9GHz
RF Input Power Range
(Note 2)
-55 to
+12
dBm
3dB Dynamic Range
T
A
= -20C to +85C (Note 3)
67
dB
Range Center
-27
dBm
T
A
= +25C to +85C
+0.0125
Temperature Sensitivity
P
RFINA
= P
RFINB
=
-27dBm
T
A
= +25C to -20C
-0.0125
dB/C
Slope
(Note 4)
18
mV/dB
Typical Slope Variation
T
A
= -20C to +85C
-4.8
V/C
Intercept
(Note 5)
-88
dBm
Typical Intercept Variation
T
A
= -20C to +85C
0.03
dBm/C
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--OUTA AND OUTB
(Typical Application Circuit, V
CC
= +2.7V to +3.3V, R
1
= R
2
= R
3
= 0
, T
A
= -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at V
CC
= 3.3V, CSETL = CSETH = V
CC
, T
A
= +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
MAX2016
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/
Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
RSSI MODE--2.17GHz
RF Input Power Range
(Note 2)
-52 to
+12
dBm
3dB Dynamic Range
T
A
= -20C to +85C (Note 3)
64
dB
Range Center
-25
dBm
T
A
= +25C to +85C
+0.0135
Temperature Sensitivity
P
RFINA
= P
RFINB
=
-25dBm
T
A
= +25C to -20C
-0.0135
dB/C
Slope
(Note 4)
17.8
mV/dB
Typical Slope Variation
T
A
= -20C to +85C
-8
V/C
Intercept
(Note 5)
-81
dBm
Typical Intercept Variation
T
A
= -20C to +85C
0.03
dBm/C
RSSI MODE--2.5GHz
RF Input Power Range
(Note 2)
-45 to
+7
dBm
3dB Dynamic Range
T
A
= -20C to +85C (Note 3)
52
dB
Range Center
-23
dBm
T
A
= +25C to +85C
+0.0167
Temperature Sensitivity
P
RFINA
= P
RFINB
=
-23dBm
T
A
= +25C to -20C
-0.0167
dB/C
Slope
(Note 4)
17.8
mV/dB
Typical Slope Variation
T
A
= -20C to +85C
-8
V/C
Intercept
(Note 5)
-80
dBm
Typical Intercept Variation
T
A
= -20C to +85C
0.03
dBm/C
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--OUTA AND OUTB (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, V
CC
= +2.7V to +3.3V, R
1
= R
2
= R
3
= 0
, T
A
= -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at V
CC
= 3.3V, CSETL = CSETH = V
CC
, T
A
= +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--OUTD
(Typical Application Circuit, V
CC
= +2.7V to +3.3V, R
1
= R
2
= R
3
= 0
, T
A
= -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at V
CC
= 3.3V, CSETL = CSETH = V
CC
, T
A
= +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
OUTD Center Point
P
RFINA
= P
RFINB
1
V
Small-Signal Envelope Bandwidth
No external capacitor on pins FV1 and FV2
22
MHz
Small-Signal Settling Time
Any 8dB change on the inputs,
no external capacitor on FV1 and FV2,
settling accuracy is 0.5dB
150
ns
Large-Signal Settling Time
Any 30dB change on the inputs, no external
capacitor on pins FV1 and FV2, settling
accuracy is
0.5dB
300
ns
Small-Signal Rise and Fall Time
Any 8dB step, no external capacitor on pins
FV1 and FV2
15
ns
MAX2016
LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/
Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Large-Signal Rise and Fall Time
Any 30dB step, no external capacitor on
pins FV1 and FV2
35
ns
0.1GHz
P
RFINB
= -32dBm
80
0.9GHz
P
RFINB
= -30dBm
75
1.9GHz
P
RFINB
= -27dBm
60
2.17GHz
P
RFINB
= -25dBm
55
1dB Dynamic Range
2.5GHz
P
RFINB
= -23dBm
50
dB
Slope
f
RF
= 0.1GHz to 2.5GHz
25
mV/dB
OUTD Voltage Deviation
P
RFINA
= P
RFINB
= -30dBm, T
A
=
-20C to +85C
0.25
dB
0.1GHz, P
RFINB
=
-32dBm
80
0.9GHz, P
RFINB
=
-30dBm
70
1.9GHz, P
RFINB
=
-27dBm
55
2.17GHz, P
RFINB
=
-25dBm
50
1dB Dynamic Range over
Temperature Relative to Best-Fit
Curve at +25
C
P
RFINA
is swept ;
T
A
= -20C to
+85C
2.5GHz, P
RFINB
=
-23dBm
45
dB
Gain Measurement Balance
P
RFINB
= P
RFINB
= -50dBm to -5dBm, f
RF
=
1.9GHz
0.2
dB
0.9GHz
90
1.9GHz
65
Channel Isolation
2.5GHz
55
dB
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--OUTD (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, V
CC
= +2.7V to +3.3V, R
1
= R
2
= R
3
= 0
, T
A
= -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at V
CC
= 3.3V, CSETL = CSETH = V
CC
, T
A
= +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
Note 1: The MAX2016 is tested at T
A
= +25C and is guaranteed by design for T
A
= -40C to +85C.
Note 2: Typical minimum and maximum range of the detector at the stated frequency.
Note 3: Dynamic range refers to the range over which the error remains within the 3dB range.
Note 4: The slope is the variation of the output voltage per change in input power. It is calculated by fitting a root-mean-square
straight line to the data indicated by the RF input power range.
Note 5: The intercept is an extrapolated value that corresponds to the output power for which the output voltage is zero. It is calcu-
lated by fitting a root-mean-square straight line to the data.
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